Correct recognition and measurement of blood pressure

With the increased incidence of hypertension, blood pressure meter is entered people's life, become an indispensable household appliances, for the early detection of hypertension and monitoring the therapeutic effect of convenience. At the same time, how to correctly understand the blood pressure and accurate blood pressure measurement, has also become a prominent problem.

Blood pressure is the abbreviation of arterial blood pressure, divide again for systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Average systolic blood pressure depends mainly on the myocardial contractile force and heart stroke amount of hemorrhage, whereas diastolic blood pressure mainly reflects the peripheral vascular resistance size.

Measurement of blood pressure should be applied to arterial catheter and accurate measurement of central aortic pressure, but because it has the certain trauma and risk and require specialized equipment and personnel, the more is the application of sphygmomanometer indirectly measured in peripheral arterial blood pressure, especially with the measurement of brachial arterial pressure method to replace.

Measurement of blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer for medical departments using mercury sphygmomanometer, ambulatory blood pressure monitor, for domestic use spring type blood pressure meter, electronic blood pressure monitor, etc.. In order to use mercury sphygmomanometer as an example, the correct measurement method is: let the measured quiet rest 15 minutes or more, to sitting or supine position, the arm and the position of the heart remained at the same level, palm, gas cuff flattened, gas central to the brachial artery sleeve attached to the upper arm, gas cuff edge distance of the cubital fossa 2~3 cm, tightness to put down to be measured by 1~2 finger is appropriate; the chest part of a stethoscope is placed at the elbow brachial artery on (careful not to contact gas cuff, not to plug in the gas, and then to gas sleeve lower ) cuff inflation, the brachial artery pulsatility disappears, then the mercury rising ( 20~30 mm Hg or will be increased to 180 mm height after the test, and then adjust ); slowly released gas sleeve in the air, so that the mercury column of about 2 mm / sec for slow the rate of decline, when the first pulse sound when the pressure value is the systolic pressure; continue to slow deflation, and arterial pulsation sound just disappear when the pressure value is the diastolic pressure; systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure difference of pulse pressure.

General with a systolic blood pressure of 90~139mmHg ( KPa useful for the unit, 1Kpa=7.5mmHg ), diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and 60~89mmHg 30~40mmHg for normal blood pressure. Healthy bilateral brachial artery blood pressure may not be equal, the difference between the two is 10~20mmHg, generally to the right upper brachial blood pressure. Measurement of blood pressure should be at the same time interval 1 minutes repeated measurements of 2~3, and its minimum value as the time value of blood pressure.

Normal blood pressure is obvious diurnal fluctuation, i.e. nocturnal blood pressure minimum, morning activity after rising rapidly, at 6~10 am and 4~8 pm each having a peak, then decreases slowly. Circadian variation of blood pressure in hypertensive patients and normal people are similar, but the overall level is higher, the larger fluctuations. In the activity, satiation, emotion, mental tension or cold condition blood pressure will increase, in daily life, smoking, drinking and insomnia drink coffee will affect blood pressure change.

At the age of 30 normal people should at least once a year to measure blood pressure; more than 40 years of age every 3~6 months should measure a blood pressure; repeated blood pressure than 130/85mmHg should be under the guidance of a doctor to change behavior and way of life, a monthly monitoring of blood pressure, blood pressure trend of master, take countermeasures.

Drug treatment of hypertension patients should be monitored for antihypertensive drug effect was the lowest point of blood pressure ( such as the morning blood pressure after the strongest point ), blood pressure (such as the evening before going to sleep blood pressure ) and blood pressure, a day for many times of medication and measurement of medication before blood pressure, other time can be required at any time measurement of blood pressure. Blood pressure control and smooth are the best daily monitoring of the morning and bedtime blood pressure.

Purchase a home blood pressure meter, attention should be paid to recognize by the National Metrology Department issued the inspection certificate, carefully read the instructions or to the after sale service personnel and physician consultation application notes, usually require careful maintenance and safekeeping, and every half a year to one year to specialized institutions calibration. In case of mercury sphygmomanometers mercury leakage, other sphygmomanometer by dampness or magnetization and so on should be discontinued immediately, pending overhaul after passing by.