11/29/2012

Hypertension treatment method

One, general treatment: hypertension and central nerve functional disturbance, should pay attention to work and rest.

Two, antihypertensive drug treatment.

( a ) angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors : current application of captopril, enalapril.

( two): calcium antagonists are a group of different chemical structure, mechanism of action are not the same as the drug. Due to the inhibition of calcium ions through the cell membrane calcium channel flow, and thus called the calcium channel antagonist

Antineoplastic agent. Commonly used drugs with verapamil, diltiazem and nifedipine, nitrendipine.

( three): direct vasodilators relax vascular smooth muscle, the expansion of blood vessels, reduce blood pressure. Drugs commonly used: 1 snp. 2 minoxidil. 3 hydralazine.

( four) effects on sympathetic nervous system of antihypertensive drugs.

1 central fucked sympathetic inhibitors: ( 1) clonidine. ( 2) methyl dopa.

2 sympathetic ganglion blockers. Often have a special, for the treatment of hypertensive encephalopathy.

3 sympathetic postganglionic blocker. The sympathetic nerve endings in the storage of noradrenaline depletion, and reached the purpose of reducing blood pressure. Commonly used drugs are: ( 1) guanethidine. ( 2) reserpine.

4 adrenergic receptor blocker.

( 1)βreceptor blocker; Liu Anbian heart is WHO recommended antihypertensive agents. Acebutolol.

( 2) alpha blockers: commonly used with prazosin. Doxazosin.

( five) diuretic hypotensive drugs.

1 thiazide: is the most widely used oral diuretic antihypertensive agents, hydrochlorothiazide.

2 chlorthalidone.

3 furosemide.

4 triamterene.

In three, the principles of drug therapy

( a ) individual: differ according to patient's pathophysiological characteristics, disease progression and complications, and the use of different drugs with different dose.

( two) combined medication.

( three ): on the general classification treatment of hypertension, to use drugs with fewer side effects, such as not satisfactory outcome can be gradually increased by one or more of the mechanism of action of the different drugs. Consider classification treatment.

Level: diuretics, beta blockers, calcium antagonists, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, may choose to use a drug, a void may switch to another.

Level two: combined use of drugs, two drugs and use, small volume, effective date, if ineffective to level three.

Level three: combined use of drugs, three drugs and use.

Four grade: three level of poor treatment outcome, can be changed using guanethidine or clonidine.



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