Mechanism of hypertension what

The pathogenesis of hypertension is not entirely clear, generally, the incidence of major link in arteriolar spasm causes increased peripheral resistance, elevated blood pressure, and arteriolar spasm cerebral cortex excitatory and inhibitory processes balance disorder result. Hypertension in the manifestation of symptoms is not a single elevated blood pressure, there may be other complications, including heart, brain, kidney and so on.

A variety of external or internal adverse stimulus, repeated a long-term effect on the cerebral cortex, the cortical and subcortical central mutual adjustment disorders, caused by the hypothalamus vasomotor regulation of the central obstacle, manifested as sympathetic nerve excitability, catecholamine secretion, the result caused by systemic arteriolar spasm, so that the peripheral resistance increase, the systolic force enhancement, resulting in elevated blood pressure. Arteriolar spasm of long time, leading to organ ischemia. When renal ischemia, the secretion of renin in juxtaglomerular cells. Renin is a protease, it can make the present in plasma angiotensinogen to angiotensin I conversion, the latter under the action of the enzyme in the conversion, converted to angiotensin II, and converted to angiotensin III. The angiotensin II has high biological activity, can make the systemic arterial spasm deterioration, and stimulation of the adrenal cortex, the increase of aldosterone secretion, thus promoting renal tubular sodium and water reabsorption, increased blood volume and sodium retention, and can make the blood vessels to the pressurized material increases the sensitivity of the arterioles, easier to spasm.

In addition, the hypothalamus excitability, but also through the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretion of vasopressinantidiuretic hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone, direct effects on vascular, cause vasoconstriction and adrenaline secretion of aldosterone, prompting the elevated blood pressure.

Early in the disease, arteriolar tension increased, usually is functional, elevated blood pressure are often unstable, vulnerable to emotional activity and the amount of sleep and other factors, but with the development of the disease, elevated blood pressure gradually stabilized, the arterioles can occur hardening, especially renal arteriolar sclerosis can be caused or aggravated by renal ischemia. In turn, renal ischemia and further exacerbation of systemic arteriolar spasm, this causal alternately, mutual influence, and promote the development of hypertension.